Confirm and Correct 2016/2017 WAEC Commerce (Essay & Objectives) Questions And Answers Are Now Available For Free

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3a)
-acccepting deposit;commercial banks
accept deposit from the public for
safekeeping
-Lending to customers;This is perhaps the most profitable function of a commercial
bank.deposit from different customers
are pooled together and given out as
loans to different customerx
-Safekeeping of valuables;commercial
banks help customers to keep valuables such as jewellery,certificate etc
-Issuance of bank statement;At regular
intervals,the bank will prepare and send
bank statements to their customers to
show their transaction with them
-Facilitate international trade;commercial banks gives credits to exporters and this
facilitate payment in foreign trade

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3b)
-Open market operation;This is the
purchase or sale of government securities
on open market so as to expand or restrict the volume of money in
circulation.Central bank uses this medium
to control the money in the circulation
-Liquidity ratio;commercial banks are
mandated by the government tokeep
specialmproportion of their total deposits with the central bank in order to control
the volume of credit
-Bank rate;This is the minimum rate of
interest charged by the central bank for
discounting bill of exchange
-Moral persuasion;Central bank can just appeal to the commercial banks to
restrict or expand the level of credit to
the public
-Special directives;Central bank can issue
a direct or specific instructions to the
commercial banks and other institutions to restrict their lending or credit policy

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7a)
-Capital involvement;The huge amount of
capital involved may never be afforded by
the individuals hence government
involves -The nature of their services;government
prefers to handle the rendering of these
essential services in order to reduce their
costs
-Prevention of exploitation;If private
enterprises are allowed to render the essential services there will be
exploitation and discrimination in their
provision
-To avoid duplication;If private
enterprises are allowed to render services
rendered by corporations many of them will be involved thereby leading to
duplication
-To avoid private monopoly

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7b)
-Frequent government or political
interference into the administration of public corporation which result
ineffectiveness
-High embezzlement prospensity of the
officials of public corporation cripples the
corporation financially
-Lack of adequate personnel hampers the effective performance of public
corporation
-Political instability that results in
frequent change of governments whic
gives rise to irregular change of the
officials of public corporation does not augur well for efficient running of
corporation
-Favouratism in the appointment of
managers and members of board of
directors which leads to enthronement
and glorification of mediocrity in place of meritocracy
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(4a)
-prevention of smuggling
-collection of data on import
-collection of taxes
-supplies information to traders
-implements government policy on restriction of goods

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(4b)
-provision of warehouse facilities:it
provides warehousing facilities ath the
airport where luggages are kept.
-provision of office accomodations: the authority provides office space for
customs,airline companies, shops, police
and immigrations
-provision of control tower: it provides
control tower at each airport where
movements of aircrafts are monitored to avoid accident.
-collection of taxes and levies: it collects
airport levies from airlines operators and
other users of its facilities
-provision of maintenance facilities: it
provides workshop in all airports where repairs and maintyenance can be carried
out on aircrafts.

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No.3a)

(i) The wholesaler as a wealthy trader, gives credit facilities to the retailer.

(ii) The wholesaler act as a guarantor and referee to the retailer when he (the retailer) is dealing with the other businessmen.

(iii) As an expert in business, the wholesaler advises the retailer.

(iv) The wholesler acts as a useful link that connects the retailer to the manufacturer.


3b) LITTLE CAPITAL: Small scale retail trade requires little capital to go into business.

(ii) SMALL QUANTITIES: They are able to sell in the smallest quantity. eg: Sugar could be sold in cubes.

(iii) LOW OVERHEAD COST: He usually does not incur too much overhead cost like renting a big store.

(iv) LONG HOURS OF BUSINESS: The tend to operate till late hours. Customers can defer their purchase till later.

(v) ASSISTANCE FROM FAMILY: The small rtailer can easily get financial labour assistance from family members.


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1)
i)Commerce tries to satisfy increasing human wants

ii)Commerce helps to increase our standard of living

iii)Commerce links producers and consumers Production is meant for ultimate consumption

iv)Commerce generates employment
opportunities

v)Commerce increases national income and wealth

i)Commerce tries to satisfy increasing human wants; Human wants are never ending. They can be classified as 'Basic wants' and 'Secondary wants'.it has made distribution and movement of goods possible from one part of the world to the other.

ii)Commerce helps to increase our standard of living; Standard of living refers to quality of life enjoyed by the members of a society. When man consumes more products his standard of living
improves.To consume a variety of goods he must be able to secure them first.

iii)Commerce links producers and consumers Production is meant for ultimate consumption; Commerce makes possible to link producers and consumers through retailers and wholesalers and
also through the aids to trade. Consumers get information about different goods through advertisements and salesmanship.

iv)Commerce generates employment
opportunities; The growth of commerce, industry and trade bring about the growth of agencies of trade such as banking, transport, warehousing, advertising, etc.
These agencies need people to look after their functioning. Increase in production results in increasing demand, which further results in boosting employment opportunities.

v)Commerce increases national income and
wealth; When production increases, national income also increases. In a developed country, manufacturing
industries and commerce together accounts for nearly 80% of total national income.
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6a)
a contract is a legally binding agreement
imposing rights
and obligations on the parties, which will be
enforced by
the courts.

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(6b)
-discharge by agreement
-discharge by performance
-discharge by breach
-discharge by frustration

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(4a)
-prevention of smuggling
-collection of data on import
-collection of taxes
-supplies information to traders
-implements government policy on restriction of
goods

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(4b)
-provision of warehouse facilities:it provides
warehousing
facilities at the airport where luggages are kept.
-provision of office accommodations: the
authority
provides office space for customs,airline
companies,
shops, police and immigrations
-provision of control tower: it provides controlr
tower at
each airport where movements of aircrafts are
monitored
to avoid accident.
-collection of taxes and levies: it collects airport
levies
from airlines operators and other users of its
facilities
-provision of maintenance facilities: it provides
workshop
in all airports where repairs and maintenance
can be
carried out on aircrafts.

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